What is stereo?




There are now two system of high fidelity, monophonic (monaural) and stereophonic. Monophonic is a system that starts from one microphone and is fed through a single high fidelity set. Stereophonic is a double system. Two separate microphones are placed at different sides of the orchestra and two different systems are used to keep the two signals or channels separated. Two separate speakers are used, placed on different sides of you room. Stereo is much like 3-D photography, two slightly different sound reach your ears giving you a new dimension in sound.




H.H. Scott '59





Altec Lansing Five



The Model Five utilizes a novel technique; It employs three drivers in a two-way system; a single bass driver, but two drivers for high frequencies instead of one. The result is increased midband sensitivity, 91.5 dB SPL at 4 feet, which is quite high for a speaker system i the Five's price range.
And, since the high-frequency energy is evenly divided between two drivers instead of just one, system power capacity is increased over single driver designs. The drivers are positioned on the baffle in a manner that produces uniform dispersion and an accurate stereo image whether the cabinnet is placed vertically or horizontally.




The vented enclosure and 12-inch bass driver combine to produce excellent low-frequency energy response to 45 Hz. Fundamentals are tight and clear, with a minimum of distortion, and without doubling or artificially accentuated upper bass frequencies. The Five eliminates the "boominess" soprevalent in other speaker systems in its price range.




The hand-rubbed, genuine oiled walnut cabinet is tastefully styled with finished baffle and removable knit grille.




Specifications
Speaker Components:  
Low Frequency : 12" bass driver
High Ffrequency : 2 each 4" frame cone drives
Nominal Impedance:  8 ohms
Crossover Frequency:  1500 Hz
Enclosure Type:  Vented
Sensitivity:  91,5 dB SPL
Frequency Response:  45 Hz - 20 kHz
Dispersion: 
90° at -6 dB vertical
120° at -6 dB horizontal
Long Term Broad Band Max. Power:  45 watts
Operational Power Range:  12 watts to 150 watts
Long Term Max Acoustic  Output:  108 dB SPL at 45 watts
Finish:  Hand-rubbed oiled walnut
Grille: Acoustically transparent black knit fabric mounted on removable frame
Dimensions (W x H x D):  368 x 648 x 305 mm (14½" x 25½" x 12")
Weight:  14,5 kg (32 lbs) net

Altec Lansing Fifteen


 Excellent acoustic output, full range response and extended bandwidth in a two-way system - the Fifteen speaks for itself. It represents a new generation of two-way systems - reaching far beyond the technology emoloyed in previous two-way floor-standing speaker systems.
The innovative radial phase plug, a result of a year-long Altec Research and Development investigation, is a key element in the Fifteen's extended high frequency response. It is the heart of an all new compression driver developed by Altec to give smooth response to beyond 20 kHz when coupled to the unique curved radial horn that has been adapted for use in the Fifteen.


 An exhaustive research program concentrating on low frequency performance has led to a thorough investigation of the enclosure/driver interrelationship. Internal acoustic pressure variations, material energy absorption, and dynamic thermal factors have been examined , analyzed and controlled to provide an optimum balance of low-frequency band limits and sensitivity. The Fifteen's superb low-frequency performance is the result of this enclosure tuning technology investigation.


 Extended low end, extended high end - results of major research and development efforts from Altec.  Put these powerful new technologies together in a hand-rubbed, oiled oak or walnut cabinet and you have the Fifteen - an exciting addition to any quality system.
Outstanding response and elegant styling - the Fifteen is equally comfortable in studio or living environment.



Specifications
Speaker Components:  
Low Frequency : 12" bass driver
High Ffrequency : Radial phase plug compression driver mounted to curved radial horn
Nominal Impedance:  8 ohms
Crossover Frequency:  1700 Hz
Enclosure Type:  Vented
Sensitivity:  90 dB or 94 dB SPL
Frequency Response:  30 Hz - 20 kHz
Dispersion: 
120° at -6 dB vertical
120° at -6 dB horizontal
Long Term Broad Band Max. Power:  60 watts
Operational Power Range:  12 watts to 250 watts
Long Term Max Acoustic  Output:  111 dB SPL at 60 watts
Finish:  Hand-rubbed oiled walnut or oak
Grille: Acoustically transparent foam mounted on removable panel. Black supplied with walnut brown with oak cabinet.
Dimensions (W x H x D):  559 x 686 x 381 mm (22" x 27" x 15½")
Weight:  34,5 kg (76 lbs) net

Altec Lansing Seventeen 604-8G


 Featuring the latest version of the time-proven Altec 604 studio monitor speaker series, the 604-8G, the Model Seventeen provides the home listener with the sound quality that been the reference  standard of the recording industry for over a quarter of a century.
The Seventeen's duplex speaker system features a 15" bass driver with coaxially mounted sectoral horn and compression driver which , in combination , are designed to produce vibrant bass, transparent midrange and brilliant high-frequency response that is smooth throughout its entire 30 Hz to 20 kHz range.


 This high-efficiency system is the result of advanced research in materials and production techniques which developed a new lightweight, high-frequency diaphragm assembly. Additionally, the Seventeen's duplex speaker format offers a single-point source of sound for all frequencies, which results in the ultimate in accurate phasing and stereo imagery.
The Seventeen's new asymmetrical dividing network design features a 12 dB/octave low-pass filter and an 18 dB/octave high-pass filter which adds to the improved response increases the system's power capacity and limits distortion to a minimum level in the mid frequencies.


 Developed specifically for the critical, professional studio monitoring applications, the Seventeen's enclosure is rigidly reinforced to functionas a single, inert cavity. Internal volume is approximately 9 cubic feet and the vent is tuned for tight, crisp, low bass tonal quality.
The cabinet is finely crafted of furniture-grade, rift-cut oak, hand-rubbed with pure, natural oils. Its acoustically transparent removable grille is beautifully shaped of cocoa brown knit fabric, framed in solid oak.



Specifications
Speaker Components:   15" bass driver with coaxially mounted sectoral horn and compression driver
Nominal Impedance:  8 ohms
Crossover Frequency:  1500 Hz
Enclosure Type:  Vented
Sensitivity: 100 dB SPL
Frequency Response:  30 Hz - 20 kHz
Dispersion: 
60° at -6 dB vertical
70° at -6 dB horizontal
Long Term Broad Band Max. Power:  65 watts
Operational Power Range:  10 watts to 350 watts
Long Term Max Acoustic  Output:  118 dB SPL at 65 watts
Finish:  Hand-rubbed oiled oak
Grille: Acoustically transparent brown kint fabric mounted on removable frame
Dimensions (W x H x D):  660 x 1016 x 457 mm (26" x 40" x 18")
Weight:  62,6 kg (138 lbs) net


Gran Galà dell'Alta Fedeltà


For the first time an event of High Fidelity in Turin

The Best of listening systems and audio accessories than you can find in Italy.
Wide range of CD, SuperAudio CD, Vinyl quality and Liquid Music.

Onkyo A 8200




Output Power:
60 W per channel at 8Ω (RMS, THD 0,06%; 20Hz - 20kHz)
100 W per channel at 4Ω, (DIN, 1kHz)
70 W per channel at 8Ω,  (DIN, 1kHz)
Total Harmonic Distortion:  0,06% (at rated power)
IM Distortion:   0,06% (at rated power)
Damping Factor:  40 at 8 Ω
Frequency Response:  15 Hz - 30 kHz,  ±1 dB
Signal-to-Noise  Ratio (IHF A ):
Phono MM : 80 dB (5 mV input)
Phono MC : 70 dB (0,5 mV input)
Source Direct (CD) : 102 dB
Input Sensitivity/Impedance:
Phono MM : 2,5 mV/50 kΩ
Phono MC : 350 µV/220 Ω
Tuner, Cd, Aux, Video : 150 mV/50 kΩ
Tape Play : 150 mV/50 kΩ
Phono MM Overload:  150 mV (1kHz, THD 0,06%)
Output  Sensitivity/Impedance:
Tape Rec : 150 mV/3 kΩ (phono)
Selective Tone Control:  ±15 dB at 50 Hz; ±6 dB at 10 kHz
Bass Control : ±10 dB at 100 Hz
Treble Control : ±10 dB at 10 kHz
Power Requirements:  120/220/240 V, 50/60 Hz
Dimensions (W x H x D):  435 x 143 x 287 mm (17-1/8" x  5-5/8" x 11-5/16")
Weight:  7,2 kg (15,9 lbs)

Aiwa XA-006




Specifications
Power Section
Output Power:
75 W per channel at 4ohms, (THD 0,9%, 1kHz)
56 W per channel at 8ohms,  (THD 0,9%, 1kHz)
Total Harmonic Distortion:  0,018% (20Hz - 20kHz, 40 W, 8Ω)
Output bandwidth:  6 Hz - 50 kHz (less than 0,05%)
Frequency Response:  5 Hz - 80 kHz, +0,5 dB -3 dB
Pre-amp Section
S/N Ratio (IHF A curve short circuited):
Phono MM : 89 dB (5 mV input)
Tuner, CD, Aux, Tape:  107 dB
Input Sensitivity/Impedance:
Phono MM : 2,5 mV/47 kΩ
Tuner, Cd, Aux, Tape : 150 mV/47 kΩ
Phono MM Overload level:  85 mV (1kHz, THD 0,01%)
Output level/Impedance:
Tape/DAT : 150 mV/47 kΩ
Headphones : 8 - 32 ohms
Speakers : 4 -16 ohms (A + B : 8 - 16 Ohms)
RIAA Deviation:  ±0,5 dB (30Hz - 15kHz)
Power Requirements:  120/220/240 V, 50/60 Hz
Power Consumption: 140 W; (380 W mod. XA-006 E, K, Z)
Dimensions (W x H x D):  430 x 128 x 332 mm
Weight:  7,6 kg

Luxman K-12


 Luxman Stereo Cassette Deck Laboratory Standard Series

A new generation from Lux - Ultimate Fidelity Cassette Deck with provisions for Use of Metal Particle Tape Featuring Realtime processed DC Amp.
Realtime Processed DC Amp
Unlike most quality cassette decks in the marketplace using conventional AC amps, our exclusive "realtime processed" DC amps are employed in both recording and playback circuits, which, in direct combunation with Sendust alloy head, makes it possible to realize our acclaimed ultimate fidelity sound reproduction. 


Precision Tape Transport System with Sendust Alloy Heads.
The pure Sendust record and playback head which is capable of handling even the latest metal particle tape not only improves frequency response, phase and wear characteristics, but ensures unequalled sonic excellence in combination with DC amp circuitry. Also a specially engineered large erase head is provided for use of metal particle tape.
The exclusive motor for the real base which drives the take-up reel during "Play" time, keeps  the capstan motor immune from torque vibration, thus preventing rotation irregularity and providing a sufficient amount of back tension.  At the capstan, the servo motor controlled by FG frequency of 38 pulses per rotation is driven by an exclusive IC. Electrical and mechanical noises are perfectly removed by means of antivibration rubber and a 3-fold magnetic shield structure.

Electronic Digital Tape Counter
Electronic digital display is made by a 4-digit, 7-segment LED. Lux's exclusive cassette hub makes it possible to read exact time used for recording or playback in terms of minutes and seconds.

Plasma level Meter
The eye-catching plasma display featuring fluorescent green tubes, unlike conventional mechanical VU meter, ensures instantaneous response to the recording signals, enabling the user to set up an appropriate  recording level. The peak level can be retained within the range of -4dB ~ +6dB. (+10dB at high MOL for metal tape).

Full IC Logic Transport Control
Unlike mechanical mode control, smooth feather-touch operation is ensured by means of a full IC logic circuit. For easy and convenient operation, the result of human engineering is fully taken into account as to placement of he control buttons.



Other Features
Dolby Noise Reduction System
Recording Mute Device
Mike Mixing Circuit
Memory Rewind
Bias/Equalization Selector for normal, CrO₂ and metal particle tapes (EX)
Headphone Jack
All-Mode Remote Control Facility (Remote Control Box optionally available)
Timer Recording/Playback  (by external timer)

LUX'sExclusive Cassette Tape has the Following features
SKEW adjustment facility to obtain the optimum azimuth and tilt position.
Wide pad and new holding mechanism to provide constant pressure for stable frequency response.
4-guideroller system to prevent torque loss, offering constant backtension.
High precision roller with reflection plate to enable to read realtime with our decks Models 5K50  and K-12




Specifications
Heads:
1 x sendust Record/Playback head
1 x sendust Erese Head
Drive Motor:
Capstan drive : 1 x FG servo motor
Reel drive : 1 x Electronic governor motor
S/N Ratio (Dolby off):
Metal tape : better than 60 dB
CrO₂  tape : better than 56 dB
LH tape :  better than 53 dB
S/N Ratio (Dolby on):
Metal tape : better than 69 dB
CrO₂  tape : better than 65 dB
LH tape :  better than 63 dB
Frequency Response:
Metal Tape : 30 Hz - 21,000 Hz, ±3 dB
CrO₂ Tape : 30 Hz - 20,000 Hz,  ±3 dB
LH Tape : 30 Hz - 16,000 Hz,  ±3 dB
Overall Distortion:  no more than 1,2% (LH tape, 1kHz, 0dB)
Real Analized Distortion:  no more than 0,3% (LH tape, 1kHz, 0dB)
Input Sensitivity/Impedance:
Line In : 100 mV/50 kΩ
Microphone : 0,25 mV /50 kΩ
DIN : 30 mV/1 kΩ
Output Level/Impedance: 
Line-In : 580 mV/220 Ω
Headphone :  1 mW (8Ω)
Dimensions (W x H x D):  438 x  126 x 370 mm (17-1/4" x  4-31/32" x  14-9/16")
Weight:  10,5 kg (23,1 lbs) net

Luxman 5K50



Luxman "Laboratory Reference Series"  5K50 Exclusive Cassette tape

The development of magnetic tape has been marking remarkable progress of late, and nowadays high quality tape is made available for Hi Fi use. Various problems have been brought to light as the quality of deck is improved, in the mechanism of tape especially in correlation between deck and cassette tape. To solve such problems, LUX prepared an exclusive cassette tape having many unique features.



SKEW Adjustment Facility
This device prevents deterioration of tonal quality caused by deviation of the azimuth, improving the frequency response while maintaining the proper volume and phase balance between 2 channels. In the case of a 3 head deck, the optimum azimuth of the record head can be obtained for both A and B sides of the tape. For reproduction of the tapes recorded by other decks, adjustment of the playback azimuth is possible. The adjustment can be done by a screwdriver 9usually to be used at the click point)

Metal Tape Guide
Stainless steel is adoped for the tape quide to improve tape running stability, which contributes to realize excellent articulation of the stereo image, since minute phase-shift between the channels are reduced. With the conventional plastic guide, the articulation of image is not satisfactory because of its large friction, the alteration of friction coefficient due to the heat caused by operation, or the change of phase characteristic between the channels caused by adherence and fall-off of dust.



Wide Pad and New Holding Mechanism
A wide pad (7 mm) is employed to perfectly cover  teh record and playback heads of a combination head. The new holding mechanism using a roll spring gives constant pressure to the tape, ensuring stable azimuth against repetition of teh Play and the Stop operation.

4-Guideroller System
A new 4-guideroller system is adopted placing additional rollers in lieu of conventional plastic guide-pins, which not only prevents torque loss caused by fixed pins but offers constant back-tension.



Sensing Roller for tape Transport Time
To sense the tape running time optically, a high precision roller is featured with a reflection plate, which makes it possible to read the real time used for recording or playback with LUX decks models 5K50 and K-12.

Quality and Kinds of Tape
Top grade tape is selected for the cassettes, which remarkably reduces drop outs. To ensure the supreme performance, material of high precision make is used as shell (hub) as well as other internal components.


Specifications
Heads:
1 x ferrite Record Head
1 x sendust Playback head
1 x ferrite Erese Head
Drive Motor:
Capstan drive : 1 x Quartz Locked D. D. motor
Reel drive : 2 x Coreless motor
Tape Drive:  Dual caapstan system
Recording System:  Bridge recording by Bias Current and Signal Current
Amplifier:  DC-amp Configuration
S/N Ratio (Dolby off):
CrO₂  tape : better than 58 dB
LH tape :  better than 55 dB
S/N Ratio (Dolby on):
CrO₂  tape : better than 67 dB
LH tape :  better than 65 dB
Frequency Response:
CrO₂ Tape : 30 Hz - 18,000 Hz,  ±3 dB
LH Tape : 30 Hz - 16,000 Hz,  ±3 dB
Overall Distortion:  no more than 1,2% (LH tape, 1kHz, 0dB)
Real Analized Distortion:  no more than 0,3% (LH tape, 1kHz, 0dB)
Separation:  more than 35 dB (1kHz, 0dB)
Crosstalk:  more than -60 dB (1kHz, 0dB)
Input Sensitivity:
Line : 100 mV
Microphone : 0,25 mV (recommended impedance 600 - 10 kΩ)
DIN : 2 mV/1 kΩ
Output level:  580 mV
Headphone Output:  1 mW (8Ω)
Semiconductors Used:
Transistors : 141;
Diode : 111;
IC : 48
Power Consumption:  75 W
Dimensions (W x H x D):  442 x 132 x 362 mm (17-13/32" x 5-3/16" x 14-1/4")
Weight:  12,5 kg (27,5 lbs) net





Kenwood KT-7000


 Solid State AM-FM Stereo Tuner model KT-7000
Features:
3 FETs, 4 gang tuning condenser front-end for superior sensitivity and spurious response ratio.
4 ICs and 2 Crystal Filter IF stages provide greatest selectivity.
Interstation Muting Circuit suppresses interstation noises.
New AM-FM Signal Strength Meter and FM Zero-center Tuning Meter with Stereo Indicator for perfect tunung.

 7¾" wide dial scale and heavy fly-wheel for easy tuning.
Automatic FM Stereo/Mono Mode silent switching circuit with Stereo Indicator
MPX Filter for eliminating noise on Stereo Signals without affecting the frequency response.
Step type Output Level Conrol to supply the proper input to amplifier
Luminous dial glass.
300 ohms balanced and 75 ohms unbalanced antenna terminals.


Specifications
FM Section
Usable Sensitivity, IHF:  1,5 µV
Frequency Response:  20 Hz to 15,000 Hz,  +0 -2 dB
Harmonic Distortion (at 400 Hz, 100% Modulation): 
Mono : Less than 0,3%
Stereo : Less than 0,6%
Signal to Noise Ratio:  Better than 70 dB at 30 µV input or more
S/N Ratio (at 100% Modulation):  better than 55 dB at 5 µV Input
Capture Ratio, IHF:  1,3 dB
Image Frequency Rejection (at 100 MHz):  Better than 100 dB
Cross Modulation Rejection:  Better than 100 dB
IF Rejection:  Better than 60 dB
Multiplex Carrier Suppression:  Better than 50 dB
Stereo Separation:
at 1,000 Hz : Better than 35 dB
at 10,000 Hz : Better that 25 dB
Output Voltage:  1,5 Volts (at 400 Hz, 100% Modulation)
Antenna Input Impedance: 
Balanced : 300 Ω
Unbalanced : 75Ω
Output Impedance:  7,000 Ω
Stero Noise Filter:  High Frequency Blend Circuit
Inter Station Muting:  Yes
AM Section
Usable Sensitivity, IHF: 
15 µV (Ext. Antenna Terminal);
100 µV (Bar Antenna)
Selectivity:  Better than 25 dB
Image Rejection:  Better than 80 dB
IF Rejection:  Better than 70 dB
Output Voltage:  0,4 Volt (at 400 Hz, 30% Modulation)
Power Consumption:  20 watts
Power Supply:  Ac 110 - 120V / 220 -240V,  50/60 Hz
Dimensions ( W x H x D):  16-5/16" x 5-5/32" x 11-1/32" (not including Control Knobs)
Weight:  18 lbs

McIntosh C 26



PERFORMANCE, UNLIMITED PERFORMANCE IS A DESIGN REQUIREMENT AT MclNTOSH
Low distortion is a requirement For high performance in a preamplifier. A typical wave form analysis of the C 26 at 2,5 volts output is a 99.95% perfect reproduction of the input wave, 20 Hz through 20,000 Hz!
Performance is important to your listening expectations. With a Mclntosh you are assured of highest performance because Mclntosh guarantees performance. Your C 26 must be capable of meeting its advertised specifications or your purchase price will be refunded. Mclntosh promises performance and delivers performance.



 RELIABILITY IS A DESIGN REQUIREMENT AT MclNTOSH
Endless hours are invested by our engineers carefully and thoroughly testing and retesting individual component parts. These hours are required to provide you with the highest degree of reliability that modern design and manufacturing can produce. Only because of this exhaustive program can Mclntosh guarantee you complete freedom from service costs tor the first THREE YEARS that you own your C 26,


 LONG LIFE IS A DESIGN REQUIREMENT AT MclNTOSH
Exhaustive testing and evaluation of each component part makes your C 26 the best value. As an example- the front panel is constructed of materials that are nearly indestructible! The combination of anodized aluminum and glass are impervious to attacks by acids and oils. The subtle beauty of the C 26 will remain unblemished year, after year, after year. This attention to detail increases the value of a Mclntosh at trade in time.


 FLEXIBILITY IS A DESIGN REQUIREMENT AT MclNTOSH
Careful attention to customer needs, attention to changes in customer use, and constant experimentation in new methods makes the Mclntosh C 26 preamplifier the most responsive to customer  needs. Control of remote loudspeaker and main system loudspeakers from the preamplifier is a Mclntosh innovation.
With the C 26 you can record on one or two tape recorders, monitor either one or record from one tape recorder to another! A front panel headphone jack for low impedance headphones allows the enjoyment of programs in total privacy-
Stepped tone controls, separate in each channel permits the accurate repeatability of settings for any program source. The Mclntosh developed concentric switches give maximum flexibility in each channel without unnecessary clutter and complication.
Continuously variable loudness compensation allows the exact amount of compensation to suit your taste at any loudness level. Add high frequency and low frequency filters, a six-position input selector, seven-position mode selector, center channel level control, phase control and a balance control that does not affect the total loudness in the listening room and you have the useful flexibility Mclntosh has designed in the C 26. Added to these values is the complete protection from all service cost for three full years and you know why the Mclntosh C 26 is the best value in a solid state preamplifier, anywhere.
Only Mclntosh offers a free THREE YEAR SERVICE CONTRACT with each piece of equipment!
You can't pay us to service your C 26 for the first three years you own it. Both parts and labor are included in the contract.


 FACILITIES
BASS CONTROLS:  11 position concentric switches, separate controls for each channel, —20 dB to +16 dB at 20 Hz
TREBLE CONTROLS:  11 position concentric switches, separate controls for each channel, ±20 dB at 20,000 Hz
LOUDNESS;  Flat response, or continuously variable loudness equalization as volume level is reduced.
BALANCE:  When program material is out of balance, rotation of this co
VOLUME CONTROL; Precision "tracked" at all listening levels for true stereo balance. The AC ON/OFF switch is coupled with the volume control.
TAPE MONITOR SWITCH: Two switches, two position mechanically interlocked.
AC OUTLETS:  1 unswitched (Red), 4 switched
LF FILTER:  Flat, or roll-off below 50 Hz, 6 dB per octave, down 12 dB at 20 Hz
HF FILTER:  Flat, or roll-off above 5kHz, 6 dB per octave, down 12 dB at 20,000 Hz
SPEAKER SWITCH:
MAIN—Switch the MAIN Loudspeaker ON or OFF without affecting the performance of REMOTE speakers.
REMOTE—Switch the REMOTE loudspeaker ON or OFF without affecting the performance of the MAIN speakers.
INPUT SELECTOR:  6 positions AUX (auxiliary or spare), TAPE 2, TAPE 1, TUNER, PHONO 1, and PHONO 2
MODE SELECTOR:  7 positions: LEFT only to both speakers, RIGHT only to both speakers, STEREO REVERSE, STEREO, MONO, MONO to Left speaker only, MONO to Right speaker only.
HEADPHONES: For low impedance stereo headphones.
 SECONDARY CONTROLS
CENTER CHANNEL LEVEL Top of chassis control to adjust the output level of the left plus right program material at the CENTER CHANNEL output on the back panel.
PHASE CONTROL:  Electronically reverse phase in the left channel to correct "out of phase" program sources.
TRANSISTOR COMPLIMENT:  10 Silicon-planar transistors, 3 diodes
POWER REQUIREMENT:  117/125 volts, 50/60 Hz, 12 watts
MOUNTING:  Mclntosh developed professional PAN-LOC



ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS
FREQUENCY RESPONSE:  20 Hz to 20,000 Hz,  +0 -0,5 dB
DISTORTION: Less than 0.1% at 2.5 volts output, 20 Hz to 20,000 Hz
INPUT SENSITIVITY AND IMPEDANCE:
Phono 1 and Phono 2 : 2 millivolts at 47,000 Ω for 2.5 volts output.
Aux, Tape 1, Tape 2, Tuner : .25 volts at 250,000 Ω for 2.5 volts output.
HUM AND NOISE:
Phono 1 and Phono 2 : 74 dB below 10 millivolt input, equivalent to less than 2 microvolts at the input terminals.
Aux, Tape 1, Tape 2, Tuner : 85 dB below rated output.
OUTPUT: 
Main : 2.5 volts with rated Input. Up to 10 volts can be developed without distortion.
Tape : 2.5 volts with rated input.
Phono : input signal of 10 millivolts produces 1.2 volts output.
Center Channel (L I R) : 2.5 volts. A level control adjusts the Center Channel output from -6 dB to +6 dB with respect to MAIN output.
OUTPUT IMPEDANCE:
Main : 2,000 ohms, designed to operate into 47,000 ohms or more
Tape Output : About 200 ohms, designed to operate into 47,000 ohms or more
Center Channel (L + R) : About 1,200 ohms, designed to operate into 47,000 ohms or more

MECHANICAL SPECIFICATIONS
DIMENSIONS:
Front panel : 16" wide by 57/16" high;
Chassis : 15" wide by 5" high by 13" deep, including PAN-LOC shelf and bach panel connectors;
Knob Clearance—1½" in front of mounting panel
WEIGHT:  18 pounds net, 28 pounds in shipping carton
FINISH:  Front Panel—Anodized goId and black with special gold/teal panel nomenclature illumination
CHASSIS:  Chrome and black

Sony TC-K22



The Sony TC-K22 Stereo Cassette Deck provides the essentials of high-fidelity performance at a suprisingly attractive price. Incorporating Sony's advanced magnetic, mechanical, and electronic technology, the K22 achieves accurate reproduction of musical sound.
Super-High-Density Head
Tape deck performance begins with the record/play head. The K22 incorporates Sony's Super-High-Density (SD) permalloy head. The SD head provides high maximum flux density, for wide dynamic range when recording. High flux density is particulary important for the best performance with metal particle tape. In playback, the SD head's excellent linearity with small signals assures low distortion. Unlike conventional permalloy heads. Sony's SD formulation is remarkably resistant to wear. In addition to the Sd boasts a newly developed four-gap ferrite erase head. The four-gap design produces a strong, focused erasing field that penetrates the tape coating. The result is more complete erasure than the conventional, single-gap erase head, even with the difficult-to-erase metal tapes.



Dolby Noise Reduction
As you would expect, the K22 incorporates the Dolby noise reduction system, providing signal-to-noise ratio improvement of up to 10 dB at 5 kHz and above. A built-in filter prevents the standard 19 kHz FM pilot signal from interfering with the Dolby system when you record FM stereo broadcasts.
DC Servo Tape Drive
Because constant tape speed is vital to sonic clarity, teh TC-K22 incorporates Sony's Tri-Duty DC Servo Motor. As the motor turns a voltage generator reports any speed variations to servo-control electronics, which provides instantaneous correction. Thus, the K22 is less susceptible to the speed drift that commonly occurs as a cassette deck warms up. And the K22 maintains correct speed, even when the mechanical load on the drive system varies. In these respects, the TC-K22 is superior to many comparably-prieced cassette decks. The Tri-Duty motor is carefully sheathed in aluminum, steel, and rubber to dampen vibrations that might interfere with smooth tape travel. The motor, together with DC servo control and an oversize, dynamically balanced flywheel, assure stable tape travel, with wow and flutter of only 0,07% (WRMS).
For smooth transition to fast-forward and rewind modes, the Tri-Duty motor works in conjunction with a magnetic clutch assembly. Using the K22, you may go from play or fast-forward directly into rewind, and from rewind directly to fast-forward, without damage to the deck or the tape.
Precise Controls, Convenient Features
The layout and design of the TC-K22 permit simple, direct control of recording and playback. A four-position tape selector switch gives you the proper bias, record and playback equalization for each type of cassette, including the new metal particle tapes. Dual-concentric controls provide for quick adjustment of record levels. Levels are displayed on large, well-lit meters,accurately calibrated from -20 to +5 VU. At the end of tape, a motion sensor triggers the All-Mode Auto-Stop system, which disengages the heads, pinch roller, and drive capstan to protect the tape and mechanism. 



Specifications TC-K22
Fast-Forward/Rewind Time (C-60):  90 sec.
Wow and Flutter:  0,07% (WRMS);  0,20% (DIN 45507)
Frequency Response (-3 to +3 dB, Re: -20 dB):
Metalic Tape : 30 - 15,000 Hz
FeCr Tape : 30 - 15,000 Hz
EHF Tape : 30 - 14,000 Hz
SHF Tape : 30 - 12,000 Hz
Frequency Response at Re 0 dB:
Metallic Tape : 30 - 12,500 Hz
Signal-to-Noise Ratio (Dolby NR Off, Re: 3% THD, Peak, IHF-A weighted):
Metallic Tape : 58 dB
FeCr Tape : 58 dB
EHF Tape : 56 dB
SHF Tape : 52 dB
Improvement with Dolby NR On : Up to 5 dB at 1 kHz, 10 dB at 5 kHz or Above
Total Harmonic Distortion (1 kHz, Re: 0 dB Record Level):
Metallic Tape : 1,0%
FeCr Tape : 1,0%
Crosstalk (1 kHz, tracks):  60 dB
Separation (1 kHz, channels):  35 dB
Erasure (400 Hz, incl. Mettallic Tape):  60 dB
Bias Frequency:  105 kHz
Meter Range:  -20 , +5 dB
Line Input Sensitivity/Impedance:  77,5 mV/50 k Ohms
Mic Input Sensitivity/Impedance:  0,25 mV/Low
Line Output: Level, Fixed:  435 mV
Line Output: Load Impedance, Nominal:  50 k Ohms
Load Impedance, Minimum:  10 k Ohms
Headphone Output Level:  30,9 mV
Nominal Headphone Impedance :  8 Ohms
Power Requirements:  AC 120 V, 60 Hz
Power Consumption: 10 W max
Dimensions (W x H x D):  430 x 105 x 290 mm (17" x 4-1/8" x 11-3/8")
Weight:  4,5 kg (9 lbs, 15 oz) 



Sony TC-K44


The Sony TC-K44 incorporates many of the outstanding features of the TC-K-22, including metal tape capability, Dolby noise reduction, and the Tri-Duty DC servo motor. To these, the K44 adds a frequency generator (FG) servo system, for even better tape speed stability, and two other significant features; the Sendust and Ferrite head and LED Peak Program Meters. All told, the TC-K44 is a machine of superior performance capabilities. Yet its price makes it readily accessible to the music lover.

Sendust and Ferrite Head
Sony created the new Sendust and Ferrite head to meet a primary requirement of metal tape; increased flux density. The outstanding characteristic of sendust is its maximum flux density, the highest of any head material. Sendust also exhibits extreme hardness for long head life. yet sendust has drawbacks that disqualify it from use throughout the head. Two characteristics important for high-frequency response, specific resistance and permeability, are quite low. And permeability is lower still when metal alloys are added to offset sendust's tendency to rust.  Sony has produced a corrosion-resistant sendust formulation without sacrificing permeability. And Sony has applied sendust only where its draw backs are less important, and its maximum flux density is most impotrant; at the tip of the head, surrounding the gap. The majority of the magnetic core is composed of ferrite, a material with high specific resistance and high permeability, for extended high-frequency response. Thus, the Sendust and Ferrite head combines all the performance advantages of both ferrite and sendust without the disadvantages of either.



 It is often overlooked that the head's mechanical construction is just as important  as its chemical composition. For example, the physical stress on the head core during fabrication can degrade audio performance. Many organic bonding agents used in conventional heads allow slippage over the years, causing the head gaps to spread or "scatter". Left and right channels can be subject to signal phase shift. Also the core of the head can twist and the gap filler can buckle, deforming the critical point of tape-to-head contact. Sony overcomes these problems through careful head design and fabrication,. Inorganic bonding materials are used throughout, for their superior strenght. Qurtz gap filler - applied by vapor deposition - provides an ideal match for Sendust's excellent hardness. And special low-stress manufacturing techniques are used to form and polish the magnetic materials. The result is a head that delivers the full performance of sendust and ferrite, and continues to deliver this performance over many years of use.

LED Peak Program Meters
Recording levels on the K44 can be monitored on bright, sixteen-segment light-emitting diode (LED) Peak Program Meters. Because LEDs have no mechanical inertia to overcome, they can follow the transient peaks of music with outstanding accuracy.  Calibrated across a broad range from -30 to +30 dB, the meters feature an expanded scale in the critical range around 0 dB. Above 0 dB, the LED segments are red, to indicate the onest of potential tape overload. Because the meters are arranged in two parallel lines, you can evaluate left/right channel balance at a glance. Also, with automatic peak-hold, the highest peak indication remains lit for 2,5 seconds, or until a higher peak is established. Automatic peak hold is particulary useful when you first set recording levels.

Additional Features
The K44 has the same complement of convenient controls and operating features as the K22, plus three additions. First is "punch-in" recording, the ability to go from the Play mode directly into the Record mode, without first pressing Stop. Punch-in recording permits more professional results when taping material onto a previously recorded track.  Second, the Record Mute allows you to blank out broadcast commercials and other interruptions, while remaining in the Record mode.  Third, and finally, the K44 incorporates a volume control for manual adjustment of the headphone output levels.



Specifications TC-K44
Fast-Forward/Rewind Time (C-60):  90 sec.
Wow and Flutter:  0,06% (WRMS);  0,17% (DIN 45507)
Frequency Response (-3 to +3 dB, Re: -20 dB):
Metalic Tape : 30 - 15,000 Hz
FeCr Tape : 30 - 15,000 Hz
EHF Tape : 30 - 14,000 Hz
SHF Tape : 30 - 13,000 Hz
Frequency Response at Re 0 dB:
Metallic Tape : 30 - 13,000 Hz
Signal-to-Noise Ratio (Dolby NR Off, Re: 3% THD, Peak, IHF-A weighted):
Metallic Tape : 58 dB
FeCr Tape : 58 dB
EHF Tape : 56 dB
SHF Tape : 52 dB
Improvement with Dolby NR On : Up to 5 dB at 1 kHz, 10 dB at 5 kHz or Above
Total Harmonic Distortion (1 kHz, Re: 0 dB Record Level):
Metallic Tape : 1,0%
FeCr Tape : 1,0%
Crosstalk (1 kHz, tracks):  60 dB
Separation (1 kHz, channels):  35 dB
Erasure (400 Hz, incl. Mettallic Tape):  60 dB
Bias Frequency:  105 kHz
Meter Range:  -30 , +8 dB
Line Input Sensitivity/Impedance:  77,5 mV/50 k Ohms
Mic Input Sensitivity/Impedance:  0,25 mV/Low
Line Output: Level, Fixed:  435 mV
Line Output: Load Impedance, Nominal:  50 k Ohms
Load Impedance, Minimum:  10 k Ohms
Headphone Output Level:  0 - 77,5 mV
Nominal Headphone Impedance :  8 Ohms
Power Requirements:  AC 120 V, 60 Hz
Power Consumption: 14 W max
Dimensions (W x H x D):  430 x 105 x 290 mm (17" x 4-1/8" x 11-3/8")
Weight:  5,0 kg (11 lbs)