What is stereo?




There are now two system of high fidelity, monophonic (monaural) and stereophonic. Monophonic is a system that starts from one microphone and is fed through a single high fidelity set. Stereophonic is a double system. Two separate microphones are placed at different sides of the orchestra and two different systems are used to keep the two signals or channels separated. Two separate speakers are used, placed on different sides of you room. Stereo is much like 3-D photography, two slightly different sound reach your ears giving you a new dimension in sound.




H.H. Scott '59





Infinity Black Widow Tone-arm

 The only thing better would be no tone arm at all.
The ideal record-playing system, theoretically, would be simply this;  A cartridge suspended from an infinitely rigid nothing, which would take some of the cartridge's weight off the stylus, leaving the optimum tracking pressure; obviously create and transmit no resonance of its own;  and leave the stylus in proper position against both sides of the record groove, wherever that groove might lead (up and down on a warped disc, back and forth on an imperfectly centered one) without a heavy counterweight to resist first and overcompensate an instant later.other tone arms have achieved proper vertical tracking force - period.

Infinity introduces the closest approach to the entire ideal.
The first tone arm designed by Infinity is an eceptionally rigid leverwhich is extremely low in mass especially toward the stylus end, where the conventional head shell has been eliminated; impeded at the point where the arm's diameter changes, creating a transmission line that effectively breaks up any incipient resonance; and minimal in arm weight and counterbalance weight.
This advanced audio component will improve the operating specifications of any modern cartridge, and reveal inner voicings and an openness you have never heard before in your favorite recordings.

We call this slender wand The Black Widow. And we eagerly invite you to compare it with other tone-arms. The Black Widow will eat them  alive,
 A phonograph record is not a precision instrument. So the Infinity Black Widow has to be.
Records aren't perfectly flat or perfectly centred. But no other manufacturer of tone arms has fully dealt with that fact. So what happens? With an ordinary tone arm, every time a warp in a disc forces the stylus up, the combined mass of arm plus head shell plus correspondingly heavy counterweight creates a distorting press-and-release, press-and-release action of the stylus.
And during every revolution of the disc, with the "center" hole and/or grooves actually off-center, that inertial mass forces the stylus against one side of the groove and then the other.
These forces can cause mistracking and distortion, as well as degrading the crosstalk and spoiling the accuracy of the stereo image.
Moder lightweight high-compliance cartridges could never perform up to their potential and their manufacturers promises until somebody removed the inertial stubborness and excess weight from a tone arm.

Our tone arm won't add tones to those already on your record.
As a turntable rotates, and as the stylus in the cartridge on the tone arm is excited to reproduce an array of frequencies, most tone arms feel an overwhelming urge to add vibration and resonances of their own.  Infinity has at last eliminated that source of distortion.
Where the circumference of our Black Widow Tone-Arm changes, a transmission-line effect is created; that is, resonances are neither passed along nor reflected back to the stylus, but instead are attenuated at the barrier.  Perhaps all tone arms should be designed the way ours is. But only ours is.
Specifications
The Infinity "Black Widow" tone Arm is an ultra-light-weight low-inertia high-tracking jointed-pipe dasmped-knife-edge fulcrum system.
Cartridge Weight:  4 to 8,5 grams
Stylus Force Adjustment:  ±2 gm per revolution of single-weight vernier. (90-degree rotation adds or subtracts1/2 gm of vertical tracking force.
Inside Force Cancellation (Anti-skating):  Fine spring adjustment, calibrated for co-ordination with stylus pressure.
Bearing Sensitivity at Stylus Point:  vertical bearing (knife edge):  0,005 gm.
Lateral bearing (fine miniature bal) bearing 0,01 gm
Sliding Base Adjustment:  ±10 mm (quick slideset and lock type)
Low Capacitance Output Cord:  50 pF per 1,5 m

Effective mass of arm:  3 gm 

Thorens TPO 70

 Thorens TPO Isotrack tone-arm with integrateed Ortofon Concorde cartridge, features:
Ultra-light;
Low mass;
Elegant.
Specifications:
Output Voltage:  3 mV
Frequency Response: 20 - 20,000 Hz (±2 dB)
Channel Separation:  greater than 25 dB
Channel Balance:  2 dB
Tracking Ability:  greater than 70 µm (300 Hz, 12,5 mN, horizontal)
Frequency Intermodulation: less than 1%
Tracking Force Range:  7,5 -12,5 mN (0,75 - 1,25 g)
Recommended Tracking Force:  10 mN 91 g)
Recommended Load:  47 k Ω in parallel to 400 pF
Type of Stylus, Ellipt. Diamond:  18/8 µm

Replacement Stylus:  D 200E

Akai AP-D30

 The Akai model AP-D30 record player is a precision instrument of Hi-fi quality which will satisfy even the most demanding music lover. This turntable can be used for stereo as well as monophonic listening. The direct  drive offers high transmission accuracy with low wow & flutter and rumble.
Specifications
Turntable: Aluminum alloy die cast
Drive System and Mechanism:  Direct-Drive, Auto-Return
Motor:  DC  Servo Motor
Speed and Pitch Control:  33 and 45 rpm  ±5%
Wow and Flutter:  0,05% (DIN); 0,035% (JIS)
Rumble:  45 dB (DIN-A); 70 dB (DIN-B); 45 dB (JIS)
Tone-arm: Static balanced
Effective Arm Length:  220 mm
Stylus Pressure Adjustment Range: 0 to 3 grams
Applicable Cartridge Weight:  4 to 12 grams
Arm Lifter:  oil damped
Overhang:  15 mm
Offset Angle:  22°30'
Horizontal Tracking Error Angle:  +3° 5';  -1° 13'
Shell Weight:  8,2 grams
Cartridge:  VM (Dual Maving Magnet) type
Output Voltage:  5 mV (DIN 45541)
Channel Separation:  More than 20 dB (DIN 45541)
Optimal Stylus Pressure:  2 grams
Static Vertical Compliance:  17,7 x 10¯⁶ cm/dyn
Static Horizontal Compliance:  29,1 x 10¯⁶ cm/dyn
Power Requirements:  110-120 / 220-240 V, 50/60 Hz
Dimensions (W x H x D):  440 x 140 x 403 mm ( 17,3 x 5,5 x 15,8 inch)
Weight:  5,5 kg (12,1lbs)

Akai AP-B20

 The Akai model AP-B20 record player is a precision instrument of Hi-fi quality which will satisfy even the most demanding music lover. This turntable can be used for stereo as well as monophonic listening. The belt drive offers high transmission accuracy with low wow & flutter and rumble.
Specifications
Turntable: 300 mm Aluminum alloy die cast
Drive System and Mechanism:  Belt-Drive, Semi-automatic
Motor:  4-pole synchronous motor
Speed and Pitch Control:  33 and 45 rpm  ±5%
Wow and Flutter:  0,05% (DIN)
Rumble:  65 dB (DIN-B)
Tone-arm: Static balanced type with inside force canceller
Effective Arm Length:  220 mm
Stylus Pressure Adjustment Range: 0 to 3 grams
Applicable Cartridge Weight:  4 to 9 grams
Arm Lifter:  oil damped
Overhang:  15 mm
Offset Angle:  22°30'
Horizontal Tracking Error Angle:  +3° 5'
Shell Weight:  6,5 grams
Cartridge:  Dual Magnet  type
Output Voltage:  5 mV (DIN 45541)
Channel Separation:  More than 20 dB (DIN 45541)
Optimal Stylus Pressure:  2 grams
Static Vertical Compliance:  18 x 10¯⁶ cm/dyn
Static Horizontal Compliance:  18 x 10¯⁶ cm/dyn
Power Requirements:  110-120 / 220-240 V, 50/60 Hz
Dimensions (W x H x D):  440 x 135 x 355 mm ( 17,3 x 5,3 x 14 inch)
Weight:  5,9 kg (13lbs)

Mitsubishi LT-20

 Linear Tracking - Significantly Improved performance
Like the top-of-the-line LT-30, the LT-20 uses the same Mitsubishi linear-tracking technology. Freed, by this important technical innovation from the tracking errors and unbalanced inside forces that affect conventional turntable units, there is a truly remarkable increases in the transparency and clarity of the audio image, and in the spatial definition of the stereo sound field. The stylus follows the same straight line across the disc as the cutting head that made the original master recording, so that tracability is at a maximum and distortion at an absoulte minimum.

The Linear-Tracking Mechanism
A high precision Dc servomotor drives a worm-reduction gear attached to a spring-loaded multistrand nylon coated stainless-steel wire to move the tonearm assembly. The whole system is located firmly in position, unlike linear motors where the assembly is free to slip and slide.
The precise amount of movement needed to maintain tangential tracking as the groove spirals inward is determined by two sensitive optical sensors. These detect when the tonearm moves even a fraction of a degree from the tangent position.
 Smooth, Stable Tracking System for High S/N Ratio
The signal-to-noise ratio of the LT-20 is an unusually high 75 dB (DIN-B) higher rhan many conventional turntable units, a tribute to the smooth, silent movement of the tonearm assembly on its precision runners.

Simple, Positive Adjustment
Adjustment of tracking force - often a problem on some competitive units - could hardly be simpler; a milled knob on the main tonearm assembly is used to zero balance the cartridge, and then the subweight is moved along the tonearm pipe to give the desired tracking force. The setting is easy to make, highly accurate, and readily visible.
Simple vertical adjustment of tonearm height is also provided, so that all cartridges can be accomodated with the tonearm perfectly parallel to the platter surface.
 High-Resolution Anti-Resonant Tonearm
The LT-20's linear-tracking tonearm is short and straight, unlike the long S- or J-shaped conventional arms. This , and the choice of stainles steel for the pipe - offering the ideal combination of rigidity and strength - gives a tonearm with an extremely low effective mass of only 13,9 grams,free of obtrusive resonances. The low mass makes an important contribution to the ease and accuracy of tracking, even with warped discs. A special filling of anti-resonant butyl rubber helps to reduce resonances still further, for the clean, clear-cut sound that distinguishes Mitsubishi linear -tracking turntable units.
The combination of a radial ball bearing and two wide span lateral pivot bearings ensures a stable, sensitive, low-friction assembly. Oxide-free copper wires are used to carry the low-current phono-cartridge signal to your phono inputs, ensuring minimum resistive losses and improved audio quality.
 Fully Automatic Control Using and LSI Computer on-a-Chip
Our first generation of electronic logic controlled turntable units used many individual Ics to give the new, user oriented features. The LT-20 uses a special purpose LSI device that gives flexibility, with increased reliability and a comprehensive range of automatic functions. As explained earlier in this catalog, it takes the signals from the operating controls and from the photoelectric sensors that detect the presence and size of the disc on the platter, and guides the stylus to the lead in groove. At the same time it chooses 45 rpm for 7" and 33 rpm for 12" discs.
Other functions are:
Auto lead-in :  press the start control and the tonearm moves to the first track on the disc, gently lowering the stylus to commence play.
Auto return :  at the end of the disc, the tonearm lifts and returns to its rest position.
Auto cut :  play can be ended at any point during disc audition.
Free access lead-in :  the stylus can be traversed to the left to start audition from the track of your choice. Speed of traverse automatically slows over the disc surface.
Auto repeat :  the same disc can be repeated as many times as you wish.
Lift-up and cueing :  the stylus can be alternately raised an lowered at the touch of a control.
Free travel :  the stylus may be raised and traversed freely to the left or right, from track to track at either of two speeds - fast for rapid approach and slow for fine positioning - by either pressing the controls continuously.
Quick response :  any movement except lift/cue of the stylus can be interrupted by a new command.
Stylus protection :  when there is no disc on the platter, the stylus will not descend and the tonearm will return to rest protecting the stylus and cartridge from serious damage.
 Platter Speed Under Quartz Crystal Oscillator Control.
The word 'Quartz" in the illuminated window at the center of the LT-20's control panel is your guarantee that platter speed is either 33 or 45 rpm - precisely. It illuminates as soon as the direct-drive motor speeds the platter  up to rated revs. A built-in frequency generator produces a frequency that is compared with a standard reference frequency generated by a quartz crystal oscillator.
A rapid response feedback circuit locks these two frequencies together so that the platter always rotates synchronously. The combination of the ultimate in accuracy with the simple, reliable and effective direct-drive mechanism ensures low wow and flutter both now and throughout a long useful life.

Other Important Features and Functions
Ideal headshell design.
Overhang former.
Lighty smoked polystyrene dust cover.
Anti-howling design.
Convenient Operating Controls
Speed selector switch;
Start control;
Stop control;
Lift/Cue control;
Repeat control.
Specifications
Type:  Direct-Drive logic-controlled fully automatic linear-tracking
Drive System:  Quartz PLL DC servomotor direct drive
Platter Diameter:  304 mm , diecast aluminum
Platter Weight:  1,3 kg (2 lb 14 oz)
Speeds:  33 and 45 rpm
Wow and Flutter:  0,025% WRMS
Signal-to-Noise Ration:  75 dB (DIN-B); 60  dB (IEC-B)
Tonearm Type:  Straight type universal static balance
Lenght Overall / Effective:  220 mm (8-11/16") / 171 mm (6-3/4")
Effective Mass Tonearm:  13,9 g without cartridge
Overhang:  0 mm
Offset Angle:  0°
Tracking Angle Error:  maximum 0,1°
Headshell weight:  GFRP type, 6,2 g
Cartridge Weight Range:  10 - 21,5 g with headshell
Output Capacitance:  55 pF
Power Requirements:  110 or 240 V , 50/60 Hz
Power Consumption:  14 W
Dimensions (W x H x D):  424 x 141 x 417 mm (16-3/4" x 5-1/2" x 16-3/8")

Weight:  10 kg (22 lbs)

Aiwa AD-6700

 The revolutionary new cassette deck designed to realize all the potential sound improvement that metal-particle tape can offer; the new Aiwa AD-6700. with the impressively broader frequency response and increased dynamic range that rival even today's most advanced reel-to-reels.
Aiwa designed it that way to make a breathtaking difference in the way you listen. There's Sndust Guard Head with extended 1,3 micron gap for optimum recording. Aiwa's double-gap Ferrite rease head and an improved rease circuit to meet the increased power demands of metal-particle tape.
But the extraordinary performance of the Aiwa AD-6700 doesn't stop with just metal-particle tape. Aiwa's own precision Bias Fine Adjustment System lets you select the proper bias for every tape formulation available today with just a twist of the dial. So every tape you play gives a flat response.
 The Aiwa AD-6700 makes distortion-free recording a cinch, with an amazingly accurate system of sensitive LEDs that instantly responded to peak signal levels. Aiwa's system boasts a highly visible three color display to help you record a safe level every time. A Peak Hold facility is also included.
For carefree listening, there's a convenient Auto/Repeat with Memory Switch that lets you replay the complete side of a tape - or just the portion of it you most want to hear.
And with Aiwa's exclusive  "3 Minute Warning" Remaining Tape Time Meter you'll never worry again anout running out of tape. All you do is check the left meter.
Wow and Flutter have been reduced to an outstanding 0,04% (WRMS). And there's Dolby  NR with MPX filter.  As a special limited introductory offer, every Aiwa AD-6700 comes with one free cassette of Scotch " Metafine Pure Metal Tape.  Now whatever metal-particle tape can do, the new Aiwa AD-6700 makes it do better.

With full-function wireless remote control.
Advanced feather-touch logic controls make the Aiwa AD-6700 a pleasure to operate. Plus it's the first cassette deck in the world with full-function wireless remote control that includes the extra freedom of Cue snd revies - even from across the room. So anything the Aiwa AD-6700 does, you can do in the palm of your hand.
Specifications
Track System:  4-track, 2-channel stereo
Tape Speed:  4,8 cm/sec. ±0,5%
Wow and Flutter:  less than 0,04% (WRMS) at Pb
Automatic Stop System:  full auto-stop
Automatic Shut-off Action Time:  2  ±0,5 sec.
Pinch Roller Pressure:  350 ±30 g (3,43 ±0,29 N)
Take-Uo Torque:  50 ±10 g-cm (490 ±98 mN-m)
FF & Rewind Torque:  155 ±25 g-cm (1519 ±245 Mn-m)
Unattended Recording Action Time:  3 ±1 s
Playback Output  0,58 ±0,06 V ( Line)
Playback Noise: 
Less than 3,5 mV (LH, Dolby Off);
Less than 1,0 mV (Fe-Cr₂, CrO₂, metal, Dolby ON)
Rec./PB Output:  0 VU  ± 1,0 dB (line)
Rec./Pb Distortion: 
LH, Fe-Cr₂ -  less than 1,5%
CrO₂ -  less than 2,5%
Metal -  less than 1,3%
Rec./Pb S/N:  more than 40/45 dB
Channel Separation:  more tha 30 dB
Crosstalk:  more than 60 dB
Erasing Ratio:  more than 60 dB
VU Meter Display Error:  ) VU ±0,5 dB
Bias Frequency:  105 kHz
Frequency Response:
LH Tape :  20 - 16,000 Hz (25 - 15,000 Hz +2 -3 dB)
Fe-Cr₂ tape :  20 - 19,000 Hz (25 - 17,000 +2 -3 dB)
CrO₂ Tape :  20 - 18,000 Hz (25 - 16,000 +2-3 dB
Metal Tape :  20 - 19,00 Hz (25 - 17,000 +2 -3)
Motor:  38 pulse FG servo motor (for capstan) DC servo motor
Heads: 
For Rec./PB :  Sendust guard head
For Erasure :  Double Gap Ferrite head
Input:
Mic :  Max. Input  Sensitivity:  0,25 mV / 200 Ω - 10 k Ω suitable)
Line In :  Max.Input Sensitivity 75 mV ? More than 50 k Ω
DIN :  Max. Input Sensitivity 0,25 mV / 50 k Ω
Line Out Output: 
Standard output level 0,41 V () VU)
Optimum load impedance:  more than 50 k Ω
DIN :
Standard output level 0,41 V (0 VU)
Optimum load impedance : more than 50 k Ω
Phones :  8 Ω - 150 Ω
Semiconductors:
19 ICs,81 Transistors, 60 Diodes, 12 FET's, 6 LEDs
Power Source:  AC 110 -120 V; 220 - 240 V; 50/60 Hz
Power Consumption:  45W
Dimensions (W x H x D):  450 x 120 x 327 mm

Weight:  9,5 kg  (22,5lbs)

Jeff Rowland Model 5

 Features
Lack of overall or nested negative feedback eliminates time domain distortion
Proprietary distortion canceling techniques minimize amplitude related distortions
Each transistor individually tested and matched for optimum operating characteristics.
Constant output impedance is maintained over the entire audio range, allowing for universal compatibility with associated equipment.
The large number of high-speed bipolar output transistors provides uncompromising reliability and eliminates the need for electronic protection circuitry
 A single voltage amplification stage utilizes field effect transistors 9operating in transconductance mode), which increases low-level signal recognition.
The absence of capacitors, inductors, fuses and protection circuitry throughout the signal path eliminates the adverse effects of these devices.
A specially designed toroidal power transformer is supported by the substantial output stage capability.
All critical circuitry is encapsulated in a thermally-conductive epoxy to ensure excellent thermal stability, mechanical integrity and to facilitate ease of service.
Specifications
Output Power:
150 watts RMS continuous  at 8 Ω
300 watts RMS continuous  at 4 Ω
475 watts RMS continuous  at 2 Ω
Power Bandwidth:  0,15 Hz to 250 kHz  _3 dB
Slew Rate:  75 volts per microsecond
Total Harmonic Distortion:  less than .03%, 1 kHz, 8 Ω, 20 watts
Signal-to-Noise Ratio:  less than 0,075%, 1 kHz, 8 Ω, 60 watts
Damping Factor:
Greater than 175 from 20 Hz to 20 kHz, at 8 Ω
Greater than 60, at 100 kHz, 8 Ω
Output Current:  40 amps peak, continuous;  90 amps peak, 0,1 Ω, 20 msec, 1 kHz
Overall gain:  selectable; 20, 26, 29.5, 32 dB
Sensitivity:  36 mV, 1 watt, 8 Ω
Input Impedance: selectable; 100 k Ω, 20 k Ω, 600 Ω
Common Mode Rejection Ratio:  greater than 90 dB
Bridged Mono Output Power:
550 watts RMS continuous  at 8 Ω
800 watts RMS continuous  at 4 Ω
1000 watts RMS continuous  at 2 Ω
Power Requirements:  100 V, 120 V, 220 V,  240 V
Dimensions (W x H x D):  483 x 222 x 610 mm (19" x 8,75" x 24")

Weight (shipping):  66,68 kg (147 lbs)

Jeff Rowland Coherence One Preamplifier

 Rowland Research is pleaesd to introduce a preamplifier which combines technical innovation with unmatched beauty and ergonomics. Advances in field effect transistor technology and research into low-level signal recognition and resolution have positioned the Coherence One preamplifier as a standard by which other units will be compared.
The Coherence One is powered by a companion power supply which eliminates the possibility of hum field contamination  in the low level circuitry. In addition, extra care was spent on overall power supply design due to the understanding that an audio amplifier is simply a modulated power supply.
 Features
No negative feedback in all circuit location
Direct coupled design from input to output
Accepts both moving coil or moving magnet cartridge inputs
Optional strain-gauge cartridge inputs available
Passive RIAA Equalization
All signal switching accomplished with mil, spec, hermetically sealed, gold contact relays.
Continuously adjustable loading for moving coil cartridges
All FET in voltage amplification stages
Precision stepped attenuator for volume control
Muted outputs during power outages.
 An amplification system must recognize and respond to all information presented to it. The composite of this information, with all its subtleties and nuances, can be defined as Musical Truth. Once recognized, this truth must be absolutely maintained during the amplification process.
Recognition of Musical Truth has been a shortcoming of most, if not all, amplification systems. While few designers recognize and rigorously pursue the ideal, even fewer approach the realization. Amplifying incompleteness will always be unsatisfying to the music lover.
Maintenance of Musical Truth during the amplification process has often led to novel and ingenious design methods that produce spectacular specifications yet miss the ideal altogether. Although technical measurements have their place, the experienced ear must be the final arbiter of Musical truth
 Rowland Research has made a commitment to the ideal. This dedication is combined with an intimate knowledge of electronic principles and components and a thorough understanding of past and present techniques and accomplishments.
Specifications
Phono Section
RIAA Deviation:  20 Hz - 20 kHz ±0,15 dB
Input Impedance:  0 to 100 Ω, user adj. 47 k Ω for MM
Equiv. Input Noise:  less that 1 nanovolt per square root Hz
Gain:  40 dB MM at 1 kHz, 60 dB MC at 1 kHz
Line Section
Frequency Response:  0,2 Hz to 500 kHz -3 dB
Input Impedance:  10 k Ω
Output Impedance:  100 Ω
Gain:  20 dB
Distortion:  less that 0,05% THD or IM below rated output
Signal-to-Noise ratio:  greater than 92 dB A reffered to rated output
Rated Output:  5 volts RMS
Power Supply
Transformer:  30 VA encapsulated torodial
Capacity:  10,000 microfarads total
Voltage:  ±48 volts DC
Output Noise:  less than 100 microvolts
Dimensions (W x H x D):  483 x 318 x 95 mm (19" x 12,5" x 3,75")

Weight:  13 kg (29 lbs)

Harman-Kardon 230A

 AM/FM Stereo  Solid State Receiver
The harman-Kardon engineering team has completed a high performance stereo receiver which exceeds every specification ever established for medium priced stereo components. The new Model 230A combnes the finest stereophonic sound with the industry's most distinctive styling to give high fidelity a new standard of excellence and performance at a price of less than $160.00.
The 230A adheres to the same philosophy of design that makes all Harman-Kardon receivers sound more transparent and lifelike. Frequency response, which is usually limited to the narrow range of 20-20,000 Hz in most receivers, is extended well beyond those parameters to give the sound you hear greater clarity and definition. All of the subtle nuances and shadings of music emerge with exciting realism.

Tuber sensitivity of the 230A is extraordinary. It pulls in distant stations without noise or fanding. AM and FM performance neve deteriorates with age bccause the receiver produces no heat to change the value of component parts.
And when you tune the 230A to a station, it locks into place and never drifts.
 features
No deterioration with age becasue ther's no damaging heat. You can expect the same high quality performance from 230A even afters years of extensive use.
A special electronic circuit automatically swiches FM tuner to stereo, the moment a stereo broadcastis received. Special light indicates FM stereo reception. Receiver switches to standard FM automatically when stereo broadcast  ends.
High speaker damping controls excessive speaker excursions to avoid distortion during sharp bursts of sound. This results in clean, tight bass.
Contour for low-volume listening maintains full bass response even at levels where bass normally falls off.
Precise D'Arsonval movement tuning mater shows when you have tuned to strongest and clearest signal on AM and FM
Stereo in two rooms. Simple front panel switching eliminates the complexity and expense of external switching devices. Headphone receptacle permits personal listenng.
Newly designed dial illumination showsAM or FM dial scale independently for maximum visibility. Entire top section of receiver turns black when receiver is switched to phono mode of operation.
Illuminatedpushbuuton ON/OFF switch glows in red to indicate that receiver is on.continuously variable balance control lets you adjust stereo balance to suit acoustic requirements of your room. Permits you to sit far to one side of your room and still maintain perfect stero.
Tape Monitor Switch for instant comparison of recorded material and original program.
Extended frequency response beyond the normal hearing range gives extra realism to the sounds you can hear. 230A sound is cleaner, more transparent, more sharply defined. You can actually feel the difference.
Separate illuminated power On/Off switch permits you to turn receiver on and off without upsetting other controls.
Heavy, counterweighted flywheel makes tuningsmooth as silk
Two year warranty on parts and labor.
Specifications
Power Output
17 watts into 8 Ω
20 watts into 4 Ω
Total Harmonic Distortion:  less than 1%
Frequency Response 20 Hz to 20,000 Hz
Power Bandwidth:  15 Hz to 70,000 Hz (at less than 0.3% THD into 8 Ω, both channels driven simultaneously at 8.5 watts per channel)
Frequency Bandwidth7 Hz to beyond 130 kHz
Frequency Response 15 Hz to 70,000 Hz ±1.5 dB
FM Tuning Range: 
AM Tuning Range: 
Power  Supply:  AC,  110 - 240 Volt
Dimensions:  390 x 100 x 190 mm (15.4" x 3.9" x 7.5")

Weight:  6,5 (14 lbs 15,1 onz)

Dual 1214

The Dual 1214 auto-manual turntable offers the same precision engineering as our more expensive models plus ease of operation and many outstanding features, usually not found in a unit of this price range. The dynamically balanced tubular tonearm combines low mass with high rigidity. Tracking  force is applied by rotating a numerically calibrated dial to the desired settings. Anti-skating is easily adjustable. The adjustable silicon damped cueing system, functioning both in manual and automatic mode, allows the tonearm to be lowered to any groove of the record. The master switch is operated by means of a feather-light, horizontal sliding lever, for shock-free operation.
Variable pitch control allows all three speeds; 33 , 45 and 78 r.p.m., to be varied over a 6%range, which is equivalent to about half tone.

The 1214 comes complete with a Dual Ceramic Cartridge. Choice-wood base and hinged smoked-glass cover are available as optional extras.
Dual's silicon damped feather-touch cueing system is a truly professional feature. A flick of your finger releasses the tonearm to float down at the controlled rate of 3/16" per second. Piston action prevents side-shift of the tonearm. The cueing device will function both in manual and automatic mode. Cueing height is easily adjustable for single and multiple-play.


Tracking force is set with a continuously variable dial and is applied internally by a long main-spring colled around the pivot. This ensures maintaining of proper tracking force at all times, whether with one record or a stack of six.
Variable pitch control is another professional feature for perfect "tuning" to pitch tolerances of individual records. Also valuable for synchronizing tape recording and movie sound.
The low mass, rigid, tubular tonearm has near-frictionless movement in the vertical and horizontal planes due to hardened steel pivots, each supported by minniaturized ball bearings.
The counterbalance weight of the tonearm is easily adjusted for true dynamic operating balance. The Dual 1214 is supplied with a factory installed Dual Ceramic Cartridge.
Specifications
Drive:  2-pole Dual single-phase induction motor or 4-pole asynchronous motor with radialelastic suspension.
Turntable Speeds:  33 , 45, 78 rpm
Speed Adjustment;  adjustment range of 1 semiton (6%) at all thre turntable speeds
Turntable: 
Weight :  3,2 lbs
Diameter :  10 ½"
Wow and Flutter:  less than ±0,15%
Rumble:  less than 35 dB below signal level
Signal-to-Noise ratio:  less than 55 dB below signal level
Tonearm:  Torsionally rigid, tubular metal arm, with vertical needle bearings, horizontal 2-layer precision ball bearings.
Min. Stylus Force:  1,5p
Cartridge Holder:  Removeable, suitable for acceptance of cartridges having ½" mounting and possessing a weight of 1 - 10 grams
Line Voltage/Frequency:  Selectro for 110 or 220 volts / alternating 50/60 Hz (with appropriate motor pulleys)
Power Consumption:  10 watts approximately at 220 V, 50 Hz
Dimensions:  12-7/8" x 10-3/4"

Weight:  9,7 lbs net

Sansui 300

 AM/FM Multiplex Stereo Tuner Amplifier
You are loking at the most practical solid state stereo receiver on the market today. In design, performance and ease of operation, the Sansui 300 is without peer in the 36 watt class. It offers a modern black face window panel with a wide, linear scale FM tuning dial that is as functional as it is attractive. It boasts a new FET front-end with 5-stage IF amplifier for top FM sensitivity and selectivity. A wide 30 to 25,000 Hz power bandwidth (IHF) and a total marmonic distortion of less than 1% at rated output. A hum and noise figure of better than 65 dB at the phono input. And many other performance figures you'd only expect to find on receivers costing twice as much. In operating ease, it features conveniently arranged controls, the latest one-touch antenna and speaker terminals, automatic stereo switching and is able to work off both 300 and 75 Ω antennas. But it is in the field of FM reception that the Sansui 300 really shines. A new type of noise canceler that eliminates noise without weakening FM program high frequency characteristics and a built-in FM antenna are "first" for this price range. All of these features combine to make the 300 the biggest value today in quality audio equipment.
Specifications
Audio Section
Music Power Output (IHF):  36 W at 4 Ω;  32 at 8 Ω
Continuous Power Output (each channel):   16/16 W at 4 Ω;  14/14 W at 8 Ω
Total Harmonic Distortion:  less than 1% at rated output
Power Bandwidth (IHF):  30 to 25,000 Hz (at 8 Ω load)
Frequency Response (at normal listening level):
AuX over all :  25 to 30,000 Hz  ±2 dB
Channel Separation (at 1  kHz rated output):
Phono :  better than 40 dB
Aux :  better than 45 dB
Hum and Noise (IHF):
Phono :  better than 65 dB
Aux :  better than 70 dB
Input Sensitivity (at 1 kHz rated output):
Phono :  3 mV/ 50 k Ω
Aux :  180 mV/ 100 k Ω
Tape Mon (PIN) :  180 mV/ 100 k Ω
Tape recorder (DIN) :  180 mV/ 100 k Ω
Recording Output:
Tape Rec (PIN):  180 mV
Tape Recorder (DIN):  30 mV
Load Impedance:  4 to 16 Ω
Damping Factor:  20 at 8 Ω load
Equalizer Phono:  RIAA, NF type
Tone Controls:
Bass :  ±10 dB at 50 Hz
Treble :  ±10 dB at 10 kHz
Loudness Control (volume control at -30 dB):  +11 dB at 50 Hz ; +3 dB at 10 kHz
Switches
Selector :  Phono; FM Auto;  AM;  Aux
Tape Monitor :  Off, On
Mode :  Stereo, Mono
MPX Noise Canceler :  Off, On
Other Special Features:
DIN Connector for Tape Recorder, Direct Tape Monitor,Head Phone jack.
FM Tuner Section
Tuning Range:  88 to 108 MHz
Sensitivity:
20 dB quieting :  2,5 µV
IHF :  3 µV
Harmonic Distortion:  less than 1%
Signal-to-Noise ratio:  better than 50 dB
Selectivity:  better than 35 dB at 98 MHz
Capture ratio (IHF):  3 dB
Image Frequency Rejection:  better than 45 dB at 98 MHz
IF Rejection:  better than 60 dB at 98 MHz
Spurious Response Rejection:  better than 60 dB at 98 MHz
Spurious Radiation:  less than 34 dB
Antenna Input Impedance:  300 Ω balanced / 75 Ω unbalanced
FM Stereo Separation:  better than 30 dB at 400 Hz
AM Tuner Section
Tuning Range:  535 to 1605 kHz
Sensitivity:  51 dB/m at 1 kHz (bar antenna)
Image Frequency Rejection:  better than 55 dB at 1 kHz
IF rejection:  better than 45 dB
Selectivity:  better than 20 dB
Other Special Features:  FM Linear Scale Dial; Signal Strength Meter; Fly -wheel Tuning; AM ferrite Bar Antenna; MPX Noise Canceler.
Semiconductors:  36 Transistors; 1 FET; 2 Varistors; 1 Thermistar; 18 Diodes; 1 Zener Diode.
Power Requirement:  100,110,117,127,220,230, 240, 250 V  50/60 Hz
Power Consumption:  15 VA (zero signal); 100 VA (max signal)
Dimensions (W x H x D):  15-7/8" x 4-9/16" x 11-1/16"

Weight:  21 lbs

Sansui 200

 AM/FM Multiplex Stereo Tuner Amplifier
This attractive solid state compact was created especially for the person who has never owned a quality stereo system before. Attach a small set of speaker systems to it and you're ready for rich FM stsreo reception, plus regular FM and AM programs like you've never heard them before. The 200, despite its compact size and moderate price, incorporates all on Sansui's sophisticated audio know-how, such as an FET frontend for unparalleled FM sensitivity and selectivity, and automatic FM stereo/mono switching. At your convenience, you can start to add other components. A quality stereo turntable, stereo tape deck or recorder, stereo headphones and other components. You can built the 200 into a complete audio system. At 17 watts the Sansui 200 has enough power to fill the average home without straining. Weighing only 13,2 lbs., it is lighter than many conventional radios capable of receiving AM broadcasts only. If you've thought you could never afford to move up into the world of professional stereo before, we invite you to investigate the Sansui 200 more throughly. We think it could change your mind completely.

Features
FET Front-End
Silicon Transistor Circuitry
Sepp. OTL output Stage
FM Stereo Separation
Automatic FM stereo/Mono Switching
Sensitive Ferrite  Antenna
One-Touch Antenna Terminals
Wide Tuning Dial
Ground Terminal
Double Transistor Protection
Full System Inputs and Outputs
Complete Sound Control
AC Outlet
Operates on 8 Voltages
Specifications
Audio Section
Music Power Output (IHF):  17 W at 4 Ω;  14 at 8 Ω
Continuous Power Output (each channel):   6,5/6,5 W at 4 Ω;  5/5 W at 8 Ω
Total Harmonic Distortion:  less than 1% at rated output
Power Bandwidth (IHF):  30 to 25,000 Hz (at 8 Ω load)
Frequency Response (at normal listening level):
Aux over all :  25 to 30,000 Hz  ±2 dB
Channel Separation (at 1  kHz rated output):
Phono :  better than 40 dB
Aux :  better than 45 dB
Hum and Noise (IHF):
Phono :  better than 65 dB
Aux :  better than 70 dB
Input Sensitivity (at 1 kHz rated output):
Phono :  3 mV/ 50 k Ω
Aux :  180 mV/ 100 k Ω
Tape Mon (PIN) :  180 mV/ 100 k Ω
Tape recorder (DIN) :  180 mV/ 100 k Ω
Recording Output:
Tape Rec (PIN):  180 mV
Tape Recorder (DIN):  30 mV
Load Impedance:  4 to 16 Ω
Damping Factor:  20 at 8 Ω load
Equalizer Phono:  RIAA, NF type
Tone Controls:
Bass :  ±10 dB at 50 Hz
Treble :  ±8 dB at 10 kHz
Loudness Control (volume control at -30 dB):  +8 dB at 50 Hz ; +3 dB at 10 kHz
Switches
Selector :  Phono; FM Auto;  AM;  Aux
Tape Monitor :  Off, On
Mode :  Stereo, Mono
Other Special Features:
DIN Connector for Tape Recorder, Direct Tape Monitor,Head Phone jack.
FM Tuner Section
Tuning Range:  88 to 108 MHz
Sensitivity:
20 dB quieting :  2,5 µV
IHF :  3 µV
Harmonic Distortion:  less than 1%
Signal-to-Noise ratio:  better than 50 dB
Selectivity:  better than 35 dB at 98 MHz
Capture ratio (IHF):  3 dB
Image Frequency Rejection:  better than 45 dB at 98 MHz
IF Rejection:  better than 65 dB at 98 MHz
Spurious Response Rejection:  better than 65 dB at 98 MHz
Spurious Radiation:  less than 34 dB
Antenna Input Impedance:  300 Ω balanced
FM Stereo Separation:  better than 30 dB at 400 Hz
AM Tuner Section
Tuning Range:  535 to 1605 kHz
Sensitivity:  51 dB/m at 1 kHz (bar antenna)
Image Frequency Rejection:  better than 30 dB at 1 kHz
IF rejection:  better than 45 dB
Selectivity:  better than 20 dB
Other Special Features:  FM Linear Scale Dial; Signal Strength Meter; Fly -wheel Tuning; AM ferrite Bar Antenna; FM Stereo Auto; FM SCA Filter
Semiconductors:  29 Transistors; 1 FET; 2 Varistors; 14 Diodes.
Power Requirement:  100,110,117,127,220,230, 240, 250 V  50/60 Hz
Power Consumption:   45 VA (max signal)
Dimensions (W x H x D):  15-7/8" x 4-9/16" x 11-1/16"

Weight:  13,2 lbs